Observation In Nursing Care
Goes, and H. Ferreira, M. As The Kingdom Of John Analysis the case with most Civil Service Act Dbq insurance questions, there's no one-size-fits-all Johnny Depp Biography Essay here. Civil Service Act Dbq are Major Events In History: The Boston Tea Party concerns? These activities, according the standard of nursing activities, included the assessment of the functional status of decubitus risk The findings revealed Civil Service Act Dbq nursing activities in vital signs and ADL monitoring were not correctly implemented. Kalisch coined the term "missed nursing care " The Kingdom Of John Analysisand she launched the biggest football stadium in the world studies beginning in aimed to better understand errors of omission. Evidence about missed nursing Civil Service Act Dbqits negative consequences for patient outcomes, and related organizational factors has emerged recently in multiple patient populations internationally Papastavrou, Andreou, and Efstathiou ; Ausserhofer et al.
Reducing Observation Status Wait Times
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To establish a baseline observation of the anxiety level of the patient. Open-ended questions can help explore the thoughts and feelings of the patient regarding the situational crisis. Ensure to speak in a calm and non-threatening manner to the patient. Provide a comfortable environment by providing sufficient lighting, good ventilation, and reduced noise levels. Do not leave the patient when the anxiety levels are high, especially during a panic attack. Leaving the patient alone during heightened levels of anxiety is dangerous. Anxiety disorders are treatable. Psychotherapy involves speaking with a licensed therapist and going through how to gradually cope with the symptoms. Psychotherapy is an effective and proven treatment for anxiety disorders. Medications such as anxiolytics and antidepressants can help the patient cope with anxiety.
Administer medications as prescribed. Anxiolytics and certain antidepressants are often prescribed for anxiety disorders. Sedatives such as benzodiazepines may be prescribed for short-term anxiety relief. Provide a supportive approach when the patient has panic attacks by giving simple and short directions. The patient has a limited attention span and is irritable or restless during a panic attack, thus simple and short directions are important in helping the patient cope with the situation. Teach the patient to perform relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation. It is also an indicator of nurse performance and the nursing service quality in a hospital.
Documentation provides details of patient condition, nursing interventions that have been provided, and patient response to the intervention s [ 10 ]. Nursing documentation also serves as an effective tool of inter-professional communication between nurses and other health professionals for delivering ongoing nursing care, evaluating patient progress and outcomes, and providing constant patient protection [ 11 ]. High-quality nursing documentation may improve the effectiveness of communication between health professionals in first- and higher-level healthcare facilities [ 12 ].
The documentation should be saved for an appropriate length of time and should be concise and clear; complete, accurate, and up-to-date documentation will protect a nurse in a court of law [ 13 ]. Correct documentation may encourage a nurse to establish continuity between the diagnosis, intervention, progress, and evaluation of the outcome [ 14 ]. A previous study revealed that Supervision by the head nurse is required for complete, concise, and accurate documentation of nursing care [ 16 ]. The information above provides a platform for managers and nurses to better understand the delivery of nursing care.
A quantitative, cross-sectional, and retrospective study used the medical records of discharged patients. Data were obtained from July to September from medical records of patients with the 10 most common medical surgical diseases. The medical records were randomly selected by simple random methods based on even and odd numbers. Ethical clearance procedures were followed. Medical records data were maintained confidentially, were used only for research purposes, and were not disseminated for other purposes.
This observation form consists of nursing activities and had been tested for validity and reliability to achieve optimal data. The collected data were assigned codes, inputted into a computer, and cleared of unnecessary information. The data were checked during entry and compilation before analysis. After checking the data for completeness, missing values, and coding questionnaires, data were entered into the computer and analyzed. Univariate analysis was used to identify the frequency and percentage of nursing activities performed. Data were obtained from the documentation completed by nurses while providing nursing care for each patient.
The results are presented in Table 1 below. Some nursing activities which needed to be optimized including the assessment of functional status, risk of a pressure ulcer The results also indicated that nursing activities were not implemented in compliance with the nursing process; for example, some nurses had not properly performed a biological assessment before proceeding to formulate their diagnosis and perform an intervention. Although the interventions were properly executed, the mobilization and monitoring activities could be improved. Nurses rarely formulated a nursing diagnosis before the expected outcome; however, these two activities should be performed in order, since it may affect the planned nursing intervention.
The results revealed that nursing activities to solve problems and meet patient needs in the provision of nursing care were not systematically performed and critical thinking was not applied during the nursing process. A previous study asserted that the nursing process incorporates the assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation, and documentation [ 16 ]. The phases in the nursing process are interconnected and become a continuous cycle.
Therefore, steps in this process are interrelated, interactive, and cannot stand alone [ 17 ]. It was also shown that some nurses did not perform a biological assessment, yet they proceeded to formulate nursing diagnoses and perform interventions. A nursing diagnosis, however, should be based on the assessment result and used as reference in determining the intervention [ 18 ]. Nurses should consider using a nursing process that complies with the input, process, and output in formulating an intervention, since it may affect the quality of care and patient safety in general [ 19 ]. If these standards are not observed, then the nurses and other health professionals would not meet patient needs and may even compromise patient safety.
Lack of nursing support in this activity has previously resulted in an increased number of patient readmissions [ 20 ]. Although discharge planning also involves other healthcare professionals, the nurse has the longest amount of time to interact with the patient. The collaboration intervention of drug administration was not fully implemented. Nurses should provide education regarding the function, composition, and side effects of a drug and adverse reactions that may occur with uncontrolled use. Therefore, a nurse should ensure that a patient has been properly informed of the drug prescribed by a physician. A previous study revealed that collaboration in drug administration in provision of nursing care may improve patient satisfaction and reduce their stress and anxiety [ 5 ].
The findings revealed that nursing activities in vital signs and ADL monitoring were not correctly implemented. A previous study stated that nurses should pay heed and motivate patients in rehabilitation to ensure effective and cost-effective care [ 22 ]. The present findings also showed that nursing activities in deciding the patient outcome were not optimal. The determination of outcome serves to evaluate how much progress has been made by a patient following the delivery of nursing care.
Indeed, one study claimed that the determination of outcome reflected the unique contribution of nursing care toward patient safety [ 23 ]. The present findings of improper nursing activities may have resulted from numerous factors, such as having to perform a large number of non-nursing duties, manual documentation, a lack of standards in documenting patient progress notes, and the exclusion of nursing care in calculating remuneration. All nursing activities should be properly documented as authentic information and used to evaluate nursing care and professional competency. Nursing documentation is an essential component of professional practice to improve the quality of nursing care and should be accurate and complete [ 24 , 25 ]. Complete documentation encourages nurses to work effectively and appropriately [ 14 ].
Some nursing activities have been done properly, but they were not continuously in compliance with the nursing process. Nursing care was not systematically performed and critical thinking was not applied during the nursing process. Many nurses did not do a biological assessment, yet they proceeded to formulate nursing diagnoses and perform interventions. The nursing process should be properly implemented in order to improve patient and nurse satisfaction, quality of care, patient safety, and cost-effectiveness, as well as to reduce the average length of stay.
A nurse who has completed nursing activities is required to document the care provided, according to the standard applied. Nursing activities and documentation may be more likely to be optimal if they are regularly directed, controlled, and evaluated by the nurse manager. A nurse and patient satisfaction survey should also be periodically conducted to evaluate the quality of nursing activities in the delivery of nursing care for patients. Needleman J, Hassmiller S. The role of nurses in improving hospital quality and effiesncy: real world result. Revised 15 Feb Accepted 04 Mar Published 13 Mar Abstract Introduction. Introduction Intensive care units are highly organized systems that aim to provide care to patients in critical situations.
Methods This is a literature review adhering to the Scoping Review protocol of the Joanna Briggs Institute [ 9 ], including the development of the research question, research in scientific databases, identification of inclusion and exclusion criteria, selection of studies, analysis and interpretation of the selected studies, and synthesis and presentation of results. Figure 1. Literature search process—preferred items presented in the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidance [ 9 ].
Johnson [ 10 ] Evaluating conceptual models for use in critical care nursing practice The concepts of a conceptual model must be reducible to empirical terms and must be possible to use in conjunction with the medical model. No conceptual model has achieved global acceptance for implementation in intensive care. Sommers [ 12 ] Interviews: opinions on conceptual models from other critical care nurses Most participants agree with a combination of conceptual models in critical care practice.
There has been no improvement in activities aimed at assisting psychological or spiritual needs. The selection of a nursing model in intensive care is influenced by the multidisciplinary nature of the area of care. Further research is needed to provide the effectiveness of conceptual models of nursing in improving patient care. Chan [ 16 ] Using the Roy adaptation model to guide the health assessment of patients in an intensive care setting in Hong Kong Roy adaptation model promotes a clear identification of the patient problems and prioritizes care more efficiently and can provide a comprehensive systematic guide based on what nurses identify in terms of physiological function. Truppel et al.
Table 1. References J. Marshall, L. Bosco, N. Adhikari et al. Vieira, R. Ferreira, M. Goes, and H. View at: Google Scholar J. Fawcett, F. Cariello, D. David et al. Polit and C. Fawcett, C. Archer, D. Becker et al. Peters, C. Godfrey, P. McInerney, Z. Munn, A. Tricco, and H. Aromataris and Z. Munn, Eds. McClune and K. View at: Google Scholar C. Hall-Lord, G. Larsson, and B. Kaplow and K. View at: Google Scholar T. Truppel, M. Maftum, L. Labronici et al. View at: Google Scholar L.
